If it's an operation, that would be a CallOperation action, not a CallBehavior one.
Also, t_document? I think you might be responding to a different post there.

The referenced behavior in a CallBehavior action is a simple classifier, and is set like any other simple classifier:
action.ClassifierID = activity.ElementID
Semantically it doesn't have to be an activity, any behavior element is accepted. In reality, I'm pretty sure EA will accept any classifier.
CallOperation actions, on the other hand, have no classifier ID. They do have a classifier GUID. If you look in the database, these are different columns. For simple instance/classifier relationships (like the one above), the classifier ID and GUID refer to the same classifier element, but for things like CallOperation actions, the ID is 0 while the GUID contains the GUID of the operation.
So the classifier ID must (apparently) always refer to another element, while the classifier GUID can refer to other stuff as well. The API doesn't expose Element.ClassifierGUID, and it's not in Element.CustomProperties either. I think the only way to set this might be Repository.Execute().
/Uffe